ICOS Finland network has in total 18 stations, of which 4 are Atmosphere stations, 5 Ecosystem stations, 2 oceanic and 7 Associated Ecosystem stations. These stations provide good representatives of boreal and subarctic Eurasian environment in a transition zone from marine to continental climate.
The stations are operated by the University of Helsinki (UH), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), University of Eastern Finland (UEF), University of Oulu (UO) and Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke).
AtmospherE stations, Class 1
Pallas (PAL) (Pallas-Sodankylä GAW) | Sub-arctic hill N 67°58.400', E 24°06.939' Operated by: FMI PI: Juha Hatakka (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
| Hyytiälä / SMEAR II (SMR) | Southern boreal pine forest N 61°50.847', E 24°17.688' Operated by: UH PI: Ivan Mammarella (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
AtmospherE stations, Class 2
| Puijo / SMEAR IV (PUI) | Urban environment N 62°54.564', E 27°39.309' Operated by: FMI and UEF PI: Ari Leskinen (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
| Utö - Baltic Sea (UTO) | Non-forested island on the Baltic Sea N 59° 47.034', E 21° 22.030' Operated by: FMI PI: Juha Hatakka (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
Ecosystem stations, class 1
| Hyytiälä / SMEAR II (FI-Hyy) | Southern boreal pine forest N 61°50.847', E 24°17.688' Operated by: UH PI: Ivan Mammarella (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
Sodankylä (FI-Sod) (Pallas-Sodankylä GAW) | Northern boreal pine forest N 67°21.708', E 26°38.29' Operated by: FMI PI: Mika Aurela (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
ecosystem stations, class 2
| Siikaneva / SMEAR II (FI-Sii) | Southern boreal fen N 61°50.25' , E 24°10.192' Operated by: UH PI: Eeva-Stiina Tuittila (firstname.lastname@uef.fi) |
| Lompolojänkkä (FI-Lom) | Northern boreal fen N 67°59.835', E 24°12.546' Operated by: FMI PI: Annalea Lohila (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
| Anttila (FI-Ant) | Croplands N 63° 9.810', E 27° 14.100' Operated by: Luke PI: Narashina Shurpali (firstname.lastname@luke.fi) |
associateD ecosystem stations
| Kenttärova (FI-Ken) | Northern spruce forest N 67°59.237', E 24°14.579' Operated by: FMI PI: Mika Aurela (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
| Värriö / SMEAR I (FI-Var) | Subarctic pine forest N 67°45.205', E 29°36.558' Operated by: UH PI: Pasi Kolari (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
| Kuivajärvi / SMEAR II (FI-Kvr) | Boreal lake N 61°50.758', E 24°16.863' Operated by: UH PI: Timo Vesala (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
| Lettosuo (FI-Let) | Forestry-drained peatland N 60°38.510', E 23°57.583' Operated by: FMI PI: Mika Korkiakoski (firstname.lastname@fmi.fi) |
| Kumpula / SMEAR III (FI-Kmp) | Urban environment N 60°12.233', E 24°57.649' Operated by: UH PI: Leena Järvi (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
| Oulanka (FI-Ouk) | Wetland N 66°22.651', E 29°18.461' Operated by: UO PI: Riku Paavola (firstname.lastname@oulu.fi) |
| Tvärminne (FI-Tvm) | Coastal N 59° 50.508', E 23° 15.018' Operated by: UH PI: Ivan Mammarella (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
oceaniC stations, class 2
| Tvärminne FOS (FI-TVA) | Fixed Oceanic Site (FOS) N 59° 50.508', E 23° 15.018' Operated by: UH PI: Ivan Mammarella (firstname.lastname@helsinki.fi) |
| SOOP Silja Serenade (FI-SER) | Ship Of Opportunity (SOOP), Baltic Sea Operated by: FMI PI: Honkanen & Laakso |